Index: C

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%Config hash: 21.4.1. Compiling Embedded Programs

25. Portable Perl

C, matching single byte in C language: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics

-c (character special) file test: 3.10. Named Unary and File Test Operators

-c (check syntax) command-line switch: 19.1.3. Switches

21.1. How Perl Works
28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order

-C file test operator: 3.10. Named Unary and File Test Operators

accesing Perl from enclosing framework: 18.4. Compiler Backends

C code generators: 18.5.2. The C Code Generators

C stack, storing C variables on: 18.3. Executing Your Code

C-style logical operators: 3.14. C-Style Logical (Short-Circuit) Operators

fcntl.h definitions, loading as Perl constants: 32.1.7. Operating System Interfaces

library functions: 29. Functions

library, signals triggering core dumps in: 16.1. Signals

operators missing in Perl: 3.21. C Operators Missing from Perl

operators, precedence relationships: 3. Unary and Binary Operators

Perl, extending with: 21.3. Extending Perl (Using C from Perl)

creating extensions: 21.3.2. Creating Extensions
external C library, using functions from: 21.3.4. Using Functions from an External C Library
XSUBs and XS language: 21.3.1. XS and XSUBs

Perl extensions and: 21. Internals and Externals

Perl functions, wrapping around: 21.3.1. XS and XSUBs

Perl, running from: 21.4.5. Fiddling with the Perl Stack from C

Perl, using from: 21.4. Embedding Perl (Using Perl from C)

adding Perl interpreter: 21.4.2. Adding a Perl Interpreter to Your C Program
compiling embedded Perl programs: 21.4.1. Compiling Embedded Programs
Perl statement, evaluating: 21.4.4. Evaluating a Perl Statement from C
Perl subroutine, calling from: 21.4.3. Calling a Perl Subroutine from C
XSUB input and output: 21.3.3. XSUB Input and Output

programming, differences from Perl: 24.1.3. C Traps

structs: 29.2.108. pack

syslog functions, using in Perl: 32.1.7. Operating System Interfaces

wrapper programs: 23.2.1. Unix Kernel Security Bugs

/c modifier

failed matches, searching past: 5.6.4. Progressive Matching

-C (native wide characters) command-line switch: 15.1. Building Character

/c pattern modifier: 5.2.4. The tr/// Operator (Transliteration)

C preprocessor: 19.1.3. Switches

C wildcard metasymbol: 5.3.3. Wildcard Metasymbols

Control-C: 2.6.2. String Literals

Control-C or Control-Z, generating signals with: 16.1. Signals

caching: 8.5.2. Garbage Collection, Circular References, and Weak References

callbacks: 8.3.7. Closures

caller function: 29.2.8. caller

Perl versions, changes in return value: 24.1.5. Previous Perl Traps

calling

subroutines indirectly: 6.1. Syntax

can method: 12.5.3. UNIVERSAL: The Ultimate Ancestor Class

canonical decomposition, characters: 5.4.3.2. Standard Unicode properties

characters, information on: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics

capitalization: 2.5. Names

29.2.184. uc
barewords, problems with: 2.6.4. Or Leave the Quotes Out Entirely
changing: 5.2.4. The tr/// Operator (Transliteration)
escape sequences for: 2.6.2. String Literals
label names: 4.4. Loop Statements
lc and lcfirst functions: 29.2.82. lc
method names, tied variables: 14. Tied Variables
in module names: 32.1. Listings by Type
module names: 11.1. Using Modules
package/module names: 24.3. Programming with Style
subroutine names: 6.1. Syntax
uppercase, converting to (u escape): 5.2.3. The s/// Operator (Substitution)

capturing in patterns: 5.7.1. Capturing

suppressing in clustering: 5.7.2. Clustering
words, alphanumeric: 5.2.2. The m// Operator (Matching)

Carp module: 14.1.1. Scalar-Tying Methods

32.1.15. Warnings and Exceptions
32.3. Carp

carriage returns: 25.1. Newlines

(see also newlines)

case

case-sensitive matching, switching off: 5.9.2.1. When backslashes happen
escape sequences for: 5.3.1. Metasymbol Tables
matching, /i operator: 5.2.1. Pattern Modifiers
translation operators, using Unicode tables: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics

case sensitivity: 5.2.4. The tr/// Operator (Transliteration)

/i modifier (case insensitive): 5.2.1. Pattern Modifiers

case statement: 4.5.1. Case Structures

case structure: 4.5.1. Case Structures

casting

strings and: 2.6. Scalar Values

cat command (Unix): 14.3.1. Hash-Tying Methods

categories of functions: 29.1. Perl Functions by Category

categories, characters: 5.4.3.2. Standard Unicode properties

cbreak option: 29.2.43. getc

C/C++ languages, static variables: 6.2.3. Scoping Issues

centering: 7.1. Format Variables

/cg pattern modifier: 5.2.2. The m// Operator (Matching)

CGI, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory

32.1.9. World Wide Web
managing HTML forms with: 32.4. CGI

CGI scripts

input, evaluating (Safe module): 23.3.1.3. Safe examples
taint mode, necessity of running under: 23.1. Handling Insecure Data

CGI::Apache module: 32.1.9. World Wide Web

CGI::Carp module: 32.1.9. World Wide Web

32.5. CGI::Carp

CGI::Cookie module: 32.1.9. World Wide Web

CGI::Fast module: 32.1.9. World Wide Web

CGI::Pretty module: 32.1.9. World Wide Web

CGI::Push module: 32.1.9. World Wide Web

character classes: 1.7. Regular Expressions

5.4. Character Classes
5.9.4. The Little Engine That /Could(n't)?/
confusing with array subscripts: 2.6.5. Interpolating Array Values
custom: 5.4.1. Custom Character Classes
matching against character properties in Unicode: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics
metasymbols used within: 5.3.1. Metasymbol Tables
Perl classic: 5.4.3.4. Defining your own character properties
Perl shortcuts for: 5.4.2. Classic Perl Character Class Shortcuts
POSIX-style: 5.4.4. POSIX-Style Character Classes
predefined, availability of: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics
Unicode properties: 5.4.3. Unicode Properties
wildcard metasymbols and: 5.3.3. Wildcard Metasymbols

character metasymbols in character classes: 5.4.1. Custom Character Classes

character semantics, effects of: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics

character sets

ordering and ranges of characters in: 5.2.4. The tr/// Operator (Transliteration)
portability of: 25.9. Internationalization
Unicode: 15. Unicode

characters: 2.1. Atoms

5.9.4. The Little Engine That /Could(n't)?/

prototype: 6.4. Prototypes

aliases for: 5.3.2. Specific Characters

bytes vs.: 15. Unicode

29. Functions

case of (see capitalization)

converting between fixed 8-bit and variable-length UTF-8: 15.1. Building Character

decomposition of: 5.4.3.2. Standard Unicode properties

deleting: 29.2.11. chomp

$[ variable: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order

in formats: 29.2.108. pack

funny characters preceding variable names: 14. Tied Variables

getting ASCII values of: 29.2.106. ord

getting from ASCII values: 29.2.14. chr

getting from Unicode values: 29.2.14. chr

hexadecimal (see hexadecimal characters)

length in: 29.2.84. length

metacharacters: 5.1. The Regular Expression Bestiary

octal (see octal characters)

in patterns: 5.1. The Regular Expression Bestiary

properties: 5.4.3.4. Defining your own character properties

defining your own: 5.4.3.4. Defining your own character properties

replacing in strings: 5.2.4. The tr/// Operator (Transliteration)

single-character input: 29.2.43. getc

special: 5.9.4. The Little Engine That /Could(n't)?/

wildcard matches for: 5.3.3. Wildcard Metasymbols

charnames module: 32.1.6. Internationalization and Locale

charts, generating: 7. Formats

chdir function: 29.2.9. chdir

calling without argument: 19.2. Environment Variables
precedence and: 3.1. Terms and List Operators (Leftward)

CHECK blocks: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program

21.1. How Perl Works
order of running: 18.7. Avant-Garde Compiler, Retro Interpreter

checking, taint: 23.1. Handling Insecure Data

checksums: 29.2.189. unpack

chemistry, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory

child processes: 29.2.196. wait

(see also processes)
ID, returning: 29.2.40. fork
readable, starting: 16.3.1. Anonymous Pipes
starting writeable: 16.3.1. Anonymous Pipes

$CHILD_ERROR: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order

chmod function: 1.3.1. How to Do It

29.2.10. chmod

chomp function: 1.4. Filehandles

29.2.11. chomp

chop function: 1.4. Filehandles

29.2.12. chop
29.2.12. chop
(see also chomp function)

chown function: 29.2.13. chown

chr function: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics

29.2.14. chr

chroot function: 29.2.15. chroot

chroot syscall: 23.3.1.1. Restricting namespace access

circular references: 8.5.2. Garbage Collection, Circular References, and Weak References

breaking: 12.6.1. Garbage Collection with DESTROY Methods
overloading, avoiding in: 13.3. Overloadable Operators

class inheritance: 12.5. Class Inheritance

class methods: 12.1. Brief Refresher on Object-Oriented Lingo

constructors as: 12.4.1. Inheritable Constructors
package names as invocants for: 12.3. Method Invocation
Thread class: 17.2.1. The Thread Module

Class::Contract module: 12.7.5. Using Closures for Private Objects

classes: 10. Packages

12.1. Brief Refresher on Object-Oriented Lingo

base (see base classes)

data, managing for: 12.8. Managing Class Data

storing references to class data in object itself: 12.8. Managing Class Data

definitions of

object-oriented modules as: 11.1. Using Modules

derived (see derived classes)

functions dealing with: 29.1. Perl Functions by Category

generating with Class::Struct module: 12.7.2. Generating Classes with Class::Struct

implementing tie: 14. Tied Variables

implementing tied filehandles: 14.4. Tying Filehandles

implementing tied hashes: 14.3. Tying Hashes

inheritance among: 12.5. Class Inheritance

base module: 32.1.13. Perl Language Extensions and Internals
method autoloading: 12.5.4. Method Autoloading
overridden methods, accessing: 12.5.2. Accessing Overridden Methods
private methods, avoiding with: 12.5.5. Private Methods
UNIVERSAL class and: 12.5.3. UNIVERSAL: The Ultimate Ancestor Class

@ISA array, including with base pragma: 12.5.1. Inheritance Through @ISA

modules vs.: 10. Packages

objects, giving to: 12.4. Object Construction

package: 3.2. The Arrow Operator

29.2.178. tie
29.2.191. untie

packages as: 12.2. Perl's Object System

Perl: 5.4. Character Classes

pseudohash implementations of: 29.2.99. my

quoting packages for: 12.3.4. Package-Quoted Classes

scalar-tying: 14.1.1. Scalar-Tying Methods

version number, returning: 12.5.3. UNIVERSAL: The Ultimate Ancestor Class

Class::Multimethods module: 12.5.2. Accessing Overridden Methods

Class::Struct module: 32.1.1. Data Types

32.6. Class::Struct

clearing hashes: 14.3.1. Hash-Tying Methods

networking, getting name of: 16.5.2. Networking Servers
TCP: 16.5.1. Networking Clients

cloisters: 5.7.3. Cloistered Pattern Modifiers

close function: 16.3.1. Anonymous Pipes

29.2.16. close

close-on-exec flag: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order

closedir function: 29.2.17. closedir

closing

closing tied filehandles: 14.4.1. Filehandle-Tying Methods

closures: 4.8.2. Lexically Scoped Variables: my

server connections (half-close): 16.5.1. Networking Clients

8.3.7. Closures
assigning to glob to define subroutine: 10.2. Autoloading
creating: 6.1. Syntax
as function templates: 8.3.7.1. Closures as function templates
generating accessor methods with: 12.7.4. Generating Accessors with Closures
nested subroutines, emulating with: 8.3.7.2. Nested subroutines
private objects, using for: 12.7.5. Using Closures for Private Objects
threads: 17.2.1.1. Thread creation

clustering in patterns: 5.7.2. Clustering

without capturing, reasons for: 5.7.2. Clustering

cmp operator: 1.5.6. Some Numeric and String Comparison Operators

29.2.159. sort

code

effienciency of: 24.2.3. Programmer Efficiency

extracting and displaying with debugger: 20.2.5. Locating Code

insecure, handling: 23.3. Handling Insecure Code

code masquerading as data: 23.3.2. Code Masquerading as Data
safe compartments for: 23.3.1. Safe Compartments
safe examples: 23.3.1.3. Safe examples

mixing character semantics with byte semantics: 15.1. Building Character

reusing: 24.3. Programming with Style

code generators: 18.4. Compiler Backends

32.1.19. Perl Compiler and Code Generator
18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
18.5. Code Generators
bytecode generator: 18.5.1. The Bytecode Generator
C Code generators: 18.5.2. The C Code Generators

code subpatterns in regular expressions: 5.10.3.3. Match-time code evaluation

combining character sequence, matching with X: 5.3.3. Wildcard Metasymbols

15.2. Effects of Character Semantics

comma (,) (see comma)

command input operator (see backtick operator)

command line

calling perl interpreter from: 1.3.1. How to Do It
modules for processing: 32.1.3. Option, Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing
screen appearance of: 20.3.3. Debugger Options
editing: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
flags
switches: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory

command processing: 19.1.2. Location of Perl

commands

accessing under reduced privileges: 23.1.3. Accessing Commands and Files Under Reduced Privileges

buffering: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order

debugger: 20.2. Debugger Commands

actions and: 20.2.6. Actions and Command Execution

breakpoints: 20.2.2. Breakpoints

for display: 20.2.4. Display

20.2.4. Display

documentation, viewing: 20.2.7. Miscellaneous Commands

locating code: 20.2.5. Locating Code

options, manipulating: 20.2.7. Miscellaneous Commands

quitting debugger: 20.2.7. Miscellaneous Commands

restarting debugger: 20.2.7. Miscellaneous Commands

stepping and running: 20.2.1. Stepping and Running

tracing: 20.2.3. Tracing

for loop control: 4.4.4. Loop Control

hashes of functions, storing in: 9.5. Hashes of Functions

history, debugger and: 20.1. Using the Debugger

names for: 1.2.2. Verbs

in pod: 26.1.2. Pod Directives

processing: 19.1. Command Processing

19.1. Command Processing
(see also interpreters; Perl interpreter)

recalling, debugger option: 20.3.3. Debugger Options

multiline: 26.1. Pod in a Nutshell
definition: 2.2. Molecules
discarding before processing: 5.9.1. Letting Perl Do the Work
extending with /x pattern modifier: 5.2.1. Pattern Modifiers
Perl vs. C syntax for: 24.1.3. C Traps

comparing

files: 32.1.4. Filenames, Filesystems, and File Locking

running time of alternate code versions: 32.1.18. Development Support

strings: 3.11. Relational Operators

24.1.1. Universal Blunders

thread objects: 17.2.1.5. Identifying threads

comparison operators: 1.5.6. Some Numeric and String Comparison Operators

1.5.6. Some Numeric and String Comparison Operators
3.12. Equality Operators
overloading: 13.3. Overloadable Operators
sort function and: 29.2.159. sort

compatibility decomposition, characters: 5.4.3.2. Standard Unicode properties

compilation: 21. Internals and Externals

order of: 18.7. Avant-Garde Compiler, Retro Interpreter

compilation phase, processing Perl program: 21.1. How Perl Works

compilation units: 2.5.1. Name Lookups

compile phase vs. compile time: 18.2. Compiling Your Code

compile time, controlling debugger during: 20.1. Using the Debugger

compiler: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order

compiler hints: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order

compiler, Perl

backends for: 18.4. Compiler Backends
modules related to: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory

global declarations and: 4.7. Global Declarations
regex compiler: 5.9.3. The Regex Compiler

compilers, Perl

interpreters, interaction with: 18.7. Avant-Garde Compiler, Retro Interpreter
modules related to: 32.1.19. Perl Compiler and Code Generator

compiling: 18. Compiling

compiling your code: 18.2. Compiling Your Code

embedded Perl program (in C): 21.4.1. Compiling Embedded Programs

life cycle, Perl programs

18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
code generation phase: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
compile phase: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
parse tree reconstruction: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program

comp.lang.perl newsgroups: 0.6.2. Usenet Newsgroups

complementation (see negation)

complex data structures

creating in Perl: 9. Data Structures
representing as scalars: 1.2.1.3. Complexities

composite Unicode properties: 5.4.3.1. Perl's Unicode properties

Comprehensive Pearl Archive Network (see CPAN)

COMSPEC environment variable: 19.2. Environment Variables

concatenating strings: 1.5.2. String Operators

concatenation (.) operator: 1.5.2. String Operators

3.8. Additive Operators
24.2.1. Time Efficiency
autogeneration via stringification handler: 13.3. Overloadable Operators
string constants, overloading: 13.6. Overloading Constants

condition variables: 17.2.2.6. Condition variables

conditional (?:) operator: 3.16. Conditional Operator

4.5.1. Case Structures

conditional code execution: 1.5.5. Logical Operators

conditional context (see Boolean context)

conditional statements: 4.3. if and unless Statements

(see also if statements; unless statements)
without braces, writing: 4.2. Compound Statements

conditionals, interpolation into patterns: 5.10.3.5. Conditional interpolation

conditions, expressions in loops: 4.4.2. for Loops

Config module: 32.1.17. Module Installation Support

operating system mapping between signal names and numbers: 16.1. Signals

configuration files, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory

configuration, Perl, for debugging: 19.1.3. Switches

connect function: 29.2.18. connect

shutting down: 29.2.154. shutdown

constant pragma: 10.1. Symbol Tables

constants: 10.1. Symbol Tables

inlining constant functions: 6.4.1. Inlining Constant Functions
overloading: 13.6. Overloading Constants
Perl, loading fcntl.h definitions as: 32.1.7. Operating System Interfaces
System V IPC, defining for: 32.1.8. Networking and Interprocess Communication

constructors: 8.2.3. Object Constructors

12.1. Brief Refresher on Object-Oriented Lingo
12.4. Object Construction
access checks, setting in: 12.7.5. Using Closures for Private Objects
bless function and: 12.4. Object Construction
class names or objects, working with: 12.4.1. Inheritable Constructors
inheritable: 12.4.1. Inheritable Constructors
initializers: 12.4.2. Initializers
naming: 12.4.2. Initializers
new method: 29.2.100. new
tied variable classes: 14. Tied Variables

container classes holding pointers to self-referential data structures: 12.6.1. Garbage Collection with DESTROY Methods

context: 2.7. Context

2.7. Context
Boolean context: 2.7.2. Boolean Context
interpolative (double-quoted) context: 2.7.4. Interpolative Context
scalar and list context: 2.7.1. Scalar and List Context
void: 29.2.198. wantarray
void context: 2.7.3. Void Context

context stack: 18.3. Executing Your Code

continuation lines: 4.4.4. Loop Control

28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order

continue block: 4.4.1. while and until Statements

4.4.3. foreach Loops
4.4.4. Loop Control
4.4.4. Loop Control
(see also loops)

continue command (in C): 24.1.3. C Traps

contract between module and user: 11.2.1. Module Privacy and the Exporter

contractions in words, avoiding confusion with single quotes: 5.10.1. Lookaround Assertions

control characters: 2.6.2. String Literals

metasymbols in patterns: 5.3.2. Specific Characters
non-ASCII on Macintosh: 19.1.1. #! and Quoting on Non-Unix Systems

control structures: 1.6. Control Structures

truth, defining: 1.6.1. What Is Truth?

control variables: 4.4.3. foreach Loops

conversion operators

Boolean context, interpreting object in: 13.3. Overloadable Operators
numification (nonnumeric variable converted to number): 13.3. Overloadable Operators
stringification: 13.3. Overloadable Operators

converting

ASCII value to character: 29.2.14. chr

between integers and UTF-8 characters: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics

between languages: 24.5.2. Generating Perl in Other Languages

characters to ASCII values: 29.2.106. ord

data types between C and Perl: 21.4.5. Fiddling with the Perl Stack from C

decimal numbers to binary digits or octals: 29.2.162. sprintf

decimal numbers to octal or hexadecimal: 29.2.162. sprintf

hexadecimal numbers to decimal: 29.2.73. hex

list values to strings: 29.2.78. join

29.2.108. pack

numbers to/from hexadecimal: 5.2.3. The s/// Operator (Substitution)

octal numbers to decimal: 29.2.103. oct

strings to list values: 29.2.161. split

29.2.189. unpack

time: 29.2.70. gmtime

29.2.88. localtime

Unicode value to character: 29.2.14. chr

cookies (HTTP), setting and getting: 32.1.9. World Wide Web

copy constructor: 13.4. The Copy Constructor (=)

copy-on-write semantics: 17.1. The Process Model

copying filenames or filehandles: 32.1.4. Filenames, Filesystems, and File Locking

denial-of-service problems with pattern matching: 23.3.2. Code Masquerading as Data
dump function for: 29.2.29. dump
Thread::Signal module, preventing with: 17.2.3.3. Other standard threading modules
signals triggering in C library: 16.1. Signals

core files: 19.1.3. Switches

core modules, Perl: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory

CORE pseudopackage: 11.3. Overriding Built-in Functions

12.5.2. Accessing Overridden Methods

CORE::GLOBAL pseudopackage: 11.3. Overriding Built-in Functions

cos function (cosines): 29.2.19. cos

counters, magical counter variables: 14.1.2. Magical Counter Variables

CPAN (Comprehensive Perl Archive Network): 10. Packages

1.2.1.4. Simplicities

10. Packages

11. Modules

22. CPAN

CPAN module as automated interface to: 32.8. CPAN

modules

32.1.17. Module Installation Support
32.8. CPAN
directory: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
installing modules with: 22.2. Using CPAN Modules
portability of: 25.7. Standard Modules
building: 22.2.2. Building CPAN Modules
categories of modules: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
creating: 22.3. Creating CPAN Modules
decompressing and unpacking: 22.2.1. Decompressing and Unpacking CPAN Modules
installing and building: 22.2. Using CPAN Modules
installing into Perl library: 22.2.3. Installing CPAN Modules into the Perl Library

subdirectories: 22. CPAN

tie modules on: 14.6. Tie Modules on CPAN

CPU

access in multitasking environment: 23.2. Handling Timing Glitches
condition variables allowing threads to relinquish: 17.2.2.6. Condition variables

CPU time: 29.2.181. times

CPU, yielding (threads): 17.2.1.7. Yielding the processor

creation time (see modification time, file)

credit cards, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory

CRLF: 25.1. Newlines

(see also newlines)
in Internet programs: 16.5.2. Networking Servers

crypt function: 29.2.20. crypt

cryptography: 29.2.164. srand

$ctime file statistic: 29.2.165. stat

curly braces (see {})

1.7.1. Quantifiers

Curses, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory

customization

debugger: 20.3. Debugger Customization

debugger options: 20.3.3. Debugger Options
editor support for: 20.3.1. Editor Support for Debugging
functions for: 20.5.1. Writing Your Own Debugger
init files, using: 20.3.2. Customizing with Init Files

Cwd module: 32.1.4. Filenames, Filesystems, and File Locking

current working directory for process, determining: 32.9. Cwd

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