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Index: L

-l (automatic line ending) command-line switch: 19.1.3. Switches

-l (symbolic link) file test: 3.10. Named Unary and File Test Operators

labels: 4.2. Compound Statements

4.4.4. Loop Control

with goto statement: 4.6. goto

29.2.71. goto

with loops: 4.4. Loop Statements

4.4.4. Loop Control

24.3. Programming with Style

names for: 2.5. Names

packages and: 10. Packages

language extensions, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory

languages

checking characters for: 5.4.3.3. Unicode block properties

natural vs. artificial: 1.2. Natural and Artificial Languages

translating: 24.5.2. Generating Perl in Other Languages

last operator: 1.6.2.4. Breaking out: next and last

24.3. Programming with Style

4.4.2. for Loops

4.4.4. Loop Control

4.4.4. Loop Control

4.5.1. Case Structures

24.2.1. Time Efficiency

29.2.81. last

do {} while construct, not taking: 24.1.3. C Traps

used in a do while: 4.5. Bare Blocks

$LAST_PAREN_MATCH: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order

lc function: 29.2.82. lc

lcfirst function: 29.2.83. lcfirst

left justification: 7.1. Format Variables

left-shift (<<) operator: 3.9. Shift Operators

leftmost longest matching: 5.5. Quantifiers

length

of matched string: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order

of arrays: 2.8.2. Array Length

of strings: 24.2.1. Time Efficiency

LENGTH (awk variable): 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order

length function: 29.2.84. length

byte-oriented wrapper for: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics

length, matching: 5.5. Quantifiers

less module: 32.1.13. Perl Language Extensions and Internals

less than (<) operator: 3.11. Relational Operators

less than or equal (<=) operator: 3.11. Relational Operators

lexer: 18.2. Compiling Your Code

lexical analysis: 21.1. How Perl Works

in the Perl compiler: 18.2. Compiling Your Code

lexical scopes: 2.5. Names

4.8.2. Lexically Scoped Variables: my

pragmas and: 4.9. Pragmas

package variables, searching for: 2.5.1. Name Lookups

variables attached to: 2.5. Names

lexical variables: 7. Formats

29.2.99. my

accessing from functions: 6.2.3. Scoping Issues

file-scoped, storing anonymous subroutine in: 12.5.5. Private Methods

in functions or files, showing: 32.1.19. Perl Compiler and Code Generator

persistence across function calls: 6.2.3. Scoping Issues

recursive lexical pad stack: 18.3. Executing Your Code

symbolic references and: 8.4. Symbolic References

threads, accessing in: 17.2.2. Data Access

lexical warnings: 32.1.15. Warnings and Exceptions

${^WARNING_BITS}: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order

lexically scoped declarations: 4.8. Scoped Declarations

lexicals: 4.8.1. Scoped Variable Declarations

(see also lexical scope)

lib module: 32.1.17. Module Installation Support

lib pragma: 11.1. Using Modules

C/C++, loading as Perl extensions: 32.1.17. Module Installation Support

32.1.17. Module Installation Support

ExtUtils::Liblist module: 32.1.17. Module Installation Support

math library, C: 21.3.4. Using Functions from an External C Library

Perl, installing modules into: 22.2.3. Installing CPAN Modules into the Perl Library

Perl library files, searching for: 19.2. Environment Variables

uninstalled extensions from MakeMaker: 32.1.17. Module Installation Support

life cycle, Perl programs: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program

code generation phase: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program

compilation phase: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program

execution phase: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program

parse tree reconstruction: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program

__LINE__; setting: 24.5.2. Generating Perl in Other Languages

line counter (see $. variable)

line-end processing, automatic: 19.1.3. Switches

line input operators (see angle operator)

2.6.8. Other Literal Tokens

of input file: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order

line-oriented quoting: 2.6.6. "Here" Documents

line reading operator: 1.4. Filehandles

line separator character: 2.2. Molecules

line terminators, Internet programs: 16.5.2. Networking Servers

__LINE__ token: 2.6.8. Other Literal Tokens

LineInfo option (debugger): 20.3.3. Debugger Options

boundary assertions: 5.6.1. Beginnings: The A and ^ Assertions

link function: 29.2.85. link

links: 29.2.123. readlink

HTTP, searching for: 1.7. Regular Expressions

lint (C program verifier): 18.6. Code Development Tools

list interpolation: 2.8. List Values and Arrays

list context: 1.8. List Processing

2.7.1. Scalar and List Context

angle operator in: 2.11.2. Line Input (Angle) Operator

backslash operator, supplying: 8.3.6. Other Tricks You Can Do with Hard References

comma operator in: 3.18. Comma Operators

conditional operator in: 3.16. Conditional Operator

evaluating expressions in (debugger): 20.2.4. Display

expressions in (see LISTs)

forcing scalar context instead: 29.2.137. scalar

foreach statements, providing: 1.6.2.3. The foreach statement

functions in: 29. Functions

hash variables, using in: 2.9. Hashes

hashes in: 1.2.1.2.2. Hashes.

list assignment in: 3.17. Assignment Operators

lvalues in: 4.8.1. Scoped Variable Declarations

m// (match) operator in: 5.2.2. The m// Operator (Matching)

m//g, listing all matches found: 5.2.2. The m// Operator (Matching)

operations behaving differently in: 24.1.2. Frequently Ignored Advice

range (..) operator in: 3.15. Range Operator

recognizing in debugger: 20.1. Using the Debugger

subroutines, calling and evaluating in: 6.2. Semantics

list method, current thread objects in process: 17.2.1.6. Listing current threads

list operators: 3. Unary and Binary Operators

3.1. Terms and List Operators (Leftward)

3.19. List Operators (Rightward)

unary operators, distinguishing from: 3.10. Named Unary and File Test Operators

list values, arrays and

2.8. List Values and Arrays

2.8. List Values and Arrays

listen function: 29.2.86. listen

listing code: 20.2.5. Locating Code

LISTs: 1.8. List Processing

4.2. Compound Statements

$LIST_SEPARATOR: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order

literals: 5.1. The Regular Expression Bestiary

numeric (see numeric literals)

pseudoliterals (see input operators)

string (see string literals)

UTF-8, enabling use in: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics

little-endian: 25.2. Endianness and Number Width

loading data structures: 9.6.3. Generation of a Hash of Complex Records

filehandles: 2.10. Typeglobs and Filehandles

signal handler assignment: 16.1. Signals

variables: 4.8.1. Scoped Variable Declarations

29.2.87. local

my declarations, using for: 24.1.2. Frequently Ignored Advice

local declaration: 29.2.87. local

local function: 4.8.1. Scoped Variable Declarations

4.8.2. Lexically Scoped Variables: my

29.2.87. local

common programming errors with: 24.1.1. Universal Blunders

my declaration, using instead of: 24.1.2. Frequently Ignored Advice

local operator, using on global variables: 4.8.4. Dynamically Scoped Variables: local

locale, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory

locale module: 32.1.6. Internationalization and Locale

locales

decimal points in formats: 7. Formats

declarations, string comparisons and: 3.11. Relational Operators

modules for: 32.1.6. Internationalization and Locale

Perl character class shortcuts and: 5.4.2. Classic Perl Character Class Shortcuts

Unicode and: 29.2.82. lc

use locale pragma with POSIX character classes: 5.4.4. POSIX-Style Character Classes

localization: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory

(see also locale)

localized values, saving: 18.3. Executing Your Code

localtime function: 29.2.88. localtime

32.1.1. Data Types

32.1.7. Operating System Interfaces

lock function

data access control in threads: 17.2.2.1. Synchronizing access with lock

reference as argument for: 8.1. What Is a Reference?

locked attribute: 12.7.6. New Tricks

locked attribute (subroutines): 6.5. Subroutine Attributes

locking: 29.2.89. lock

locking files: 16.2.1. File Locking

DBM files: 16.2.1. File Locking

29.2.22. dbmopen

dissolving locks by closing files: 16.2.1. File Locking

flock function: 29.2.39. flock

shared and exclusive locks: 16.2.1. File Locking

locking methods: 17.2.2.5. Locking methods

locking subroutines: 17.2.2.3. Locking subroutines

log function: 29.2.90. log

logarithm: 29.2.90. log

LOGDIR variable: 19.2. Environment Variables

logfiles, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory

logical

AND (&&) operator: 3.14. C-Style Logical (Short-Circuit) Operators

negation (!) operator: 3.5. Ideographic Unary Operators

operators: 3.14. C-Style Logical (Short-Circuit) Operators

3.20. Logical and, or, not, and xor

OR (||) operator: 3.14. C-Style Logical (Short-Circuit) Operators

separation, parent and child processes: 17.1. The Process Model

logical operators: 1.5.5. Logical Operators

or operator use with list operators: 4.7. Global Declarations

overloading: 13.3. Overloadable Operators

Perl, doing alternation: 5.9.1. Letting Perl Do the Work

precedence of: 12.3.3. Syntactic Snafus with Indirect Objects

login names

functions dealing with: 29.1. Perl Functions by Category

getgrent function: 29.2.44. getgrent

getgrgid function, returning: 29.2.45. getgrgid

getgrnam function, returning: 29.2.46. getgrnam

getlogin function for: 29.2.50. getlogin

long longs: 29.2.108. pack

longs: 29.2.108. pack

lookahead: 5.10.1. Lookaround Assertions

lookaround: 5.10.1. Lookaround Assertions

lookbehind: 5.10.1. Lookaround Assertions

loops: 1.6.2. Iterative (Looping) Constructs

4.4. Loop Statements

24.1.1. Universal Blunders

24.3. Programming with Style

comments and blank lines, discarding before processing: 5.9.1. Letting Perl Do the Work

control operators for: 4.4.4. Loop Control

eval function within: 24.2.1. Time Efficiency

extracting slices, multidimensional arrays: 9.1.4. Slices

for loops: 1.6.2.2. The for statement

foreach loops: 1.6.2.3. The foreach statement

G assertion, using in: 5.6.5. Where You Left Off: The G Assertion

infinite: 4.4.2. for Loops

iteration through: 4.4.2. for Loops

labels for: 4.4.4. Loop Control

last operator: 4.4.2. for Loops

29.2.81. last

next and last operators: 1.6.2.4. Breaking out: next and last

next operator: 29.2.101. next

redo operator and: 29.2.126. redo

reset function and: 29.2.130. reset

s/// (substitution) operator, using on arrays: 5.2.3.1. Modifying strings en passant

using for: 4.4.2. for Loops

using in (global substitutions): 5.2.3.2. When a global substitution just isn't global enough

using until: 4.4.1. while and until Statements

using while: 4.4.1. while and until Statements

while loops: 1.6.2.1. The while and until statements

lowercase, converting to: 2.6.2. String Literals

lport manpage, function portability information: 29.2. Perl Functions in Alphabetical Order

lstat function: 29.2.91. lstat

29.2.91. lstat

32.1.4. Filenames, Filesystems, and File Locking

lvalues: 2.4. Variables

assignment operators and: 3.17. Assignment Operators

lvalue attribute, subroutines: 6.5. Subroutine Attributes

6.5.2. The lvalue Attribute

methods, declaring to indicate return of: 12.7.6. New Tricks

modifiers and: 4.8.1. Scoped Variable Declarations

operators and: 1.5.3. Assignment Operators

pattern-matching operators, use on: 5.2. Pattern-Matching Operators

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